A steam generator converts chemical energy from fossil fuels into thermal energy, transferring this heat to a working fluid, typically water, for use in high-temperature processes or for mechanical energy conversion in turbines. Unlike traditional steam boilers, steam generators are designed with fewer components and are especially suited for small modular reactors (SMRs), where they act as both a heat exchanger and a barrier to isolate contamination between the primary and secondary systems.
Advantages :
High Thermal Efficiency: The use of superheated steam improves heat conversion efficiency.
Compact and Quick Start-Up: Smaller and faster to start than traditional firetube boilers, ideal for on-demand applications.
Simplified System: The design eliminates the need for steam drums and separators, making the system less complex and easier to maintain.
High Steam Quality: A steam/water separator ensures 99.5% steam quality for efficient, stable steam supply.
Ideal for SMRs: Perfectly suited for small modular reactors, providing reliable, efficient service.
Application:
Nuclear Power Plants, fossil fuel power plants, industrial high-temperature processes.
Operating Principle:
The steam generator operates on a once-through, forced-flow design, where feedwater passes through a coil and is converted into steam in a single pass. As water flows through the coil, it absorbs heat from hot gases, turning into steam. This design does not require a steam drum like traditional boilers, but a steam/water separator is used to ensure 99.5% steam quality.
In this setup, water flows through the coils without recirculating, which increases thermal efficiency and simplifies the system by eliminating the need for moisture separators and other complex components.
Pressure vessel
According to the principle of action in the
production process, pressure vessels are divided into reaction pressure
vessels, heat exchange pressure vessels, separation pressure vessels,
and storage pressure vessels. The specific division is as follows:
Heat
exchange pressure vessel (code E): It is mainly used to complete the
heat exchange of the medium, such as shell and tube heat recovery
boiler, heat exchanger, cooler, condenser, heater, sterilizer, dyeer,
drying cylinder, steaming wok, preheating pot, solvent preheater,
steamer, evaporator, electric steam generator, gas generator water
jacket, etc.
Feed diffuser is diverting the incoming flow from the inlet nozzle towards the reactor.
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Liquid Distributor Tray
Liquid distributor tray ensures flow distribution over the entire vessel cross section.
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Support Grid
The support grid serves as a catalyst retention device, spanning the entire cross-section of the vessel.
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Outlet Collector
Outlet collector is collecting the flow from the reactor towards the outlet vessel nozzle.
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Quench System
In multi-bed reactors, the process may require a cooling phase between two beds. This can be achieved by injecting a fluid, which is then collected, mixed, and redistributed over the subsequent bed.
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Center Pipe
The center pipes inside the radial flow reactors are used for flow
collection or distribution. They are typically cylindrical, with the
outer layer defining the boundary of the catalyst bed.
During the design and manufacturing phases, we implemented control procedures to enhance process efficiency.
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Scallops
The center pipes inside the radial flow reactors are used for flow collection or distribution. They are Scallops inside the radial flow reactors are for flow collection or distribution.
It is generally D-shape, extending parallel to the inner vessel wall,and its inner layer delimits the outer layer of the catalyst bed.
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Outer Basket
Outer baskets inside the radial flow reactors are for flow collection or distribution.
It is concentric by center pipes and its layer delimits the outer layer of the catalyst bed.
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Disc Filter
Disc filter is used in petrochemical industry,separating the solid residue from PTA. This reactor internal is the bottom filter of PTA hydrogenation reactor,being made of expensive Hastalloy C276. It can be applied under high temperature (350°C) and pressure (10MPA).
Polycrystalline silicon hydrogenation reactor internals is made of expensive 800H,which costs 8 million RMB. Ekaislot supplies exquisite welding technique as 800 H is rigid and wearable, being applied under high temperature and pressure.